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Country Guide > Middle East > Iran (Islamic Republic Of) | |
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General Information Area 1,648,043 sq km (636,313 sq miles).
Population 66,479,838 (official estimate 2003). Population Density 40.3 per sq km. Capital Tehran. Population: 7,038,000 (UN estimate, including suburbs, 2001). Geography Iran is located in the Middle East, bordered to the north by Turkmenistan and the Caspian Sea, the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and the west by Iraq and Turkey. The centre and east of the country are largely barren undulating desert, punctured by qanats (irrigation canals) and green oases, but there are mountainous regions in the west along the Turkish and Iraqi borders and in the north where the Elburz Mountains rise steeply from a fertile belt around the Caspian Sea. Government Islamic Republic since 1979. Head of State: Supreme Leader (Rahbar-e Moazam) Seyyed Ali Khameni since 1989. Head of Government: President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad since June 2005. Language Persian (Farsi) is the most widely spoken language. Arabic is spoken in Khuzestan in the southwest, and Turkish in the northwest around Tabriz. English, French and (to a lesser extent) German are spoken by many businesspeople and officials. Religion Predominantly Islamic; mostly Shi’ite, with a minority of Sunnis. The 1976 census recorded 300,000 Christians, 80,000 Jews and 30,000 Zoroastrians. Time GMT + 3.5 (GMT + 4.5 from 20 March to 21 September). Electricity 230 volts AC, 50Hz. Plugs are of the round two-pin type. Communications Telephone IDD service available. Country code: 98. Outgoing international code: 00. Telephone booths are yellow. Mobile telephone GSM 900 network. Main network operators include MTCE (website: www.mtce.ir), TCI and TKC (website: www.tkckish.com). Fax/telegram Facilities are available at main post offices. There are three charge bands. There are also fax facilities at the major hotels. Internet ISPs include Pishgaman Kavir Yazd and Tehran Web (website: www.mz3.com). There are Internet cafes in Tehran and other cities. Post Airmail to Western Europe can take at least two weeks. There are 10 main post offices in Tehran. Post boxes are yellow. Stamps can be bought at some cigarette kiosks. Post office hours: Generally Sat-Thurs 0730-1500, but some main post offices stay open until 2100. Press The main English-language papers are the Iran News, Kayhan International and Tehran Times. Radio BBC World Service (website: www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice) and Voice of America (website: www.voa.gov) can be received. From time to time the frequencies change and the most up-to-date can be found online. |
